Wednesday, May 26, 2010

"Real Men of Genius" - Civil War Medicine Edition #2

Here is another outlandish medical-related patent from the Civil War years...See my previous post for Edition #1. Enjoy!

Inventor: Henry F. Wiesecke
Place: New York, New York
Patent No.: 36,816 - "Improved Sugar Tablet for Containing Medicines"


"Be it known that I, Henry Ferdinand Wiesecke, of the city of New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new process of endowing sugar-crystals with a healing power, thereby rendering the medicines delicate, agreeable to the taste, and easily digestible, and thus preserving the remedies in their original virtue and power with more certainty than could be done by any other means or in any other form..."

Full text of patent here.

Excerpts:

"The nature of my invention is as follows: I form tablets of sugar-crystals marked with numbers in figures of like material, whose capillary interstices I disengage of the air contained therein and then fill up with alcoholatures, (remedies in alcoholic form,) whereby the remedies remain diffused among the sugar crystals, even after the vehicle of them—the alcohol—has evaporated."

"To endow these tablets of sugar-crystals with a healing power they are placed in a transparent vessel so constructed as to be hermetically closed and rendered free of air to the greatest possible degree. The air is then exhausted while the tablets are yet warm, their capillary interstices being then most expanded."

(It gets better!)

"The respective tablets are distinguished by four hundred and twelve different numbers, as they are designed to cure four hundred and twelve various phases of sickness, of which a full description is given in a work written by me and entitled "Fountain of Health," for which reason the remedies therein designated with numbers correspond with the numbers of those tablets which contain the suitable remedies."

"From what has been said it clearly follows that my tablets of sugar-crystals widely differ from the ordinary compositions of sugar on account of their new configuration and shape, as there exist no tablets of sugar-crystals, either in this country or in any foreign country, which bear numbers increasing in the same ratio and corresponding with like numbers, wherewith in a medical work the various remedies for stated diseases have been designated."

Monday, May 24, 2010

Book Review and Author Interview - "My Name is Mary Sutter"

I had the great pleasure of receiving an advance review copy of a terrific new debut novel, My Name is Mary Sutter by Robin Oliveira from the good folks at Viking. The novel was officially released on May 17, 2010, and has already enjoyed enthusiastic reviews and brisk sales.

The reviews - and sales - are well-deserved. I am pleased to add my own voice to the positive reception:

"My Name is Mary Sutter is a remarkable debut novel. Set in the Civil War, it is to be especially commended for its accuracy in portraying the surgical and medical practices of the war, which are generally portrayed inaccurately by Hollywood and other writers. However, this commitment to truth goes well beyond the technical aspects of the book: Ms. Oliveira's honest treatment of the human condition during war - love, ambition, sickness, death, jealousies, and more - is what makes this thoroughly modern novel worth reading." - Jim Schmidt

I am also thankful that Ms. Oliveira answered a few interview questions while on the road with a very busy book tour! Thank You, Robin!

My Name is Mary Sutter was immediately of special interest to me as historical fiction because it takes place during the American Civil War but mostly because it includes a significant amount of medical content of the era. The novel is exceptionally well-researched and the author gets many details about Civil War medicine right. Over the course of the war in the book, we get a glimpse into midwifery, the complications of childbirth, the exclusion of women from medical schools, amputations, anesthesia, disease, nurses, hospital conditions, battlefield surgery, and much more. One of the best aspects was that one of the characters does some of his most important work away from the battlefield using the microscope. This is not to say that the characters do everything right...they do make mistakes...and those mistakes cost lives.

Ms. Oliveira told me why it was important for her to get the technical aspects of the book right:

I wanted to be as accurate as possible about the medical details because we’ve forgotten now, as a nation, the courage of the physicians and nurses who took care of the wounded without our modern medical knowledge, supplies, medicines, and surgery skills. And there are misconceptions about anesthesia that I wanted to dispel. Onlookers believed that most of the amputations were done without anesthesia, but that simply wasn’t true; they mistook the chloroform induction seizure for struggle, thereby initiating a rumor that has lasted for more than a century. And as a former Critical Care nurse, I wanted to get things right, just as I always tried to when I took care of patients.

As you can see above, Robin refers to her career as a nurse. You can learn more about her here. What you will realize is that one of the most intersting things about the author, is that she is...well...interesting! A leap from RN to MFA and a background in Russian language! Wow! Here's what she told me about that transition:

When Sputnik went up, the Defense Department began a series of language courses in select schools. Ours was one, and in seventh grade, when college-bound students had to choose a language to study, the French class was full, so I took Russian. I discovered I had a facility for it, and soon fell in love with the odd sounds and the unusual alphabet. I majored in Russian in college and even got a chance to study in Moscow, USSR. But after graduation, it was hard to find a job in Russian in the seventies—believe me, I tried—and I had to eat, so I thought I would be a nurse, and much to my surprise it turned into a calling. I loved working as a nurse. But I am first a reader and lover of books, and I wanted more than anything to write one, so I decided to try.

Among her influences and favorite authors, she told me:

A.S. Byatt, J. M. Coetzee, Cees Nooteboom, Shirley Hazzard, Douglas Glover, Ann Patchett, Virginia Woolf, Colum McCann, to name a very few, and I know I’m leaving out favorites, but I’m not at home when I’m writing this and so can’t prowl my bookshelves. Skilled story-telling combined with lyrical writing whether in film or novel form are my influences, and when I’m really stuck, a gorgeous poem can usually get my writing juices flowing.

The characters - men and women - are well done. In particular, the jealousies and conflict between the sisters Mary and Jenny, and the envy among the men, seems more "real/human" than the sisterly devotion from period works such as Little Women. I asked Robin if this was purposeful:

Writers write in a way that reflects the time periods in which they live, and therefore work under different conventions. Though it is historical fiction, My Name is Mary Sutter is a modern novel,. Ms. Alcott lived at a time when womanly devotion was a prized virtue. I believe that human nature hasn’t changed much, but our values have. Separated by time, our values as writers and women are necessarily different. Also I wasn’t writing a “period” piece. I was writing the story of a character with a strongly-felt desire.

The locales in the book stretch from the hometwon of Albany to the streets, places of power, and hospitals in Washington, DC, to the battlefield at Antietam. In other books or other time periods, many of the "chance" meetings among the Albany characters in these seemingly far-flung places such would seem "contrived," but in this book they are believable. They are believable in no small part because the Civil War is special, in a way, in that most regiments (at least companies) were composed of men from the same towns and neighborhoods? I asked Robin if those special circumstances influenced her writing:

Absolutely. Friends, brothers, fathers and sons enlisted together in regiments, all mustering in and serving together, and thus, sadly, had to watch one another die in battle or from disease. That was part of the special heartbreak of the Civil War, though I believe that all soldiers form unbreakable familial ties. But there is something acute about watching your son or your father or your brother die in battle next to you.

My only criticism of the book is in the "asides" that Ms. Oliveira included of high-level discussions at the White House among Lincoln, his cabinet, and leading generals such as McDowell. The interludes - while they helped set the stage for what was going on in the war - were distracting and not as believable as the rest of this well-written story.

That aside, I HIGHLY RECOMMEND THIS BOOK!

For more information about My Name is Mary Sutter, visit Ms. Oliveira's excellent website, where you can read an excerpt, learn about the story behind the book, and see a wonderful reader/book club guide.

Disclaimer: Please note that my only compensation for this review was a complimentary advance (uncorrected proof) review copy of the book.

Thursday, May 20, 2010

Meanwhile, Back at the Other Blog...

In December, I posted an update on my other blog, "Notre Dame in the Civil War," which is a companion to my forthcoming book with the same title to be published by The History Press later this year. Here is a (near) mid-year post outling some of the posts on that blog:

A Notre Dame Student Killed in Action at the Battle of Stone's River
Notre Dame Students Who Fought With the CSA (here, here, and here!)
Wartime Fisticuffs on Campus!
Pre-War Military Companies at Notre Dame
A Notre Dame Man Earns the Medal of Honor
Notre Dame Civil War Chaplain Profiles (here and here!)
School Holidays During the Civil War (here and here!)
Hobart College (NY) and the Civil War
The Sherman Papers at the University of Notre Dame
Photo Contests (here, here and here!)

ENJOY!

Monday, May 17, 2010

"Real Men of Genius" - Civil War Medicine Edition #1

In keeping with the brilliant Bud Light commercials that have featured "Real Men of Genius" for almost a decade now, I am pleased to offer the "Civil War Medicine" versions, featuring some of my favorite Civil War medical inventions (sometimes using the term quite loosely and sometimes not) beginning with:

Name: Anson Dart
Location: Dartford, WI



"It is as sure a prevention to taking the venereal diseases
as that water will quench fire."

Full text of patent:

Be it known that I, Anson Dart, of Dartford, Green Lake county, State of Wisconsin, have discovered a prevention and a protection against taking the diseases known as "syphilis" and "gonorrhea," known also as "venereal diseases; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full description of the articles composing this prevention or protection.
(My favorite part:)

The nature of my discovery consists in lubricating the generative organ with an oil of the dwarf olive, combined with an oil extracted from the seeds of a species of the musk-melon not known to grow anywhere except in Hindostan, it having a slight smell of musk. These two oils, when combined and applied to the cuticle, (the skin,) act both mechanically and chemically. They instantly close the pores of the skin, and also neutralize the virus, if any there be.

This compound is as harmless as water if applied to any part of the system. It has the taste of very pure sweet-oil, with a slight smell of musk. It is as sure a prevention to taking the venereal diseases as that water will quench fire.

It is intended to put this compound into vials of about one ounce each, with directions for using pasted to each vial, with a printed paper wrapped around it.

What I claim as my invention or discovery, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is—

The use of an oily substance composed of oils extracted from the olive and the seeds of the India musk-melon, (to be used as above,) as a prevention or protection against taking the diseases herein described.

Friday, May 14, 2010

Period Civil War Pension Ephemera in the "Schmidt Collection" #3 - A Pennsylvania FAther Inquires After His Dead Son

See the 1866 letter below from a father of a deceased soldier in the 84th Pennsylvania Infantry inquiring after a pension for his son by sending a letter to state authorities...his neighbor's story is heartbreaking. The original letter was returned to the father with remarks as noted below. I'd love to hear from anyone who has more details on the mission of the "Pennsylvania Military Agency."

(Original Spelling Maintained Throughout) (Click on graphics for enlargements)

West Dublin (Pennsylvania)
February 10th 1866

Mr Gordon Dear Sir:

I was informed by the assistent agent that the department paid for decesed soldiers in nine or twelve months and as there is now thirteen months past since the death of my son and I have not received eny word from you yet I have thought that you might have written and miscarried I wish you woud drop me a line and let me know how it is.

There is a woman here that would like to know if she is entiteld to a pension or not her husband was drafted in the last draft he reported was examined and was exepted he stayed till the regiment was mustered out and after he left the cars he was not abel to walk home he had to get a man to take him on a horse he tuck his bed the next day after he got home and died in about a week after wards
If you write to me state whither she is entitled to a pension or not.

Yours Truly, Abraham King

Endorsement from Agency (written on letter returned to King):

Penna Mil Agency Feby 1th 66

Respectfully submitted to the 2d Aud (illegible) T'sry Dept for information concerning the within case David King Private Co. C 84th Pa. Vols Died Jany 7th 65 Filed Aug 16th 65

Additional Endorsement:

The within named claim will be taken up for setllement as soon as the muster payroll are received in this office covering the date of death of this soldier
2nd auditor's Office
Feb 17/66

____________________________________

Other "Civil War Pension Material" posts:

#1 - Horse Thieves and Deserters
#2 - Red Tape

Saturday, May 8, 2010

America's Civil War Magazine Reviews "Years of Change and Suffering"!

I'm pleased to announce that there is a kind review of Years of Change and Suffering: Modern Perspectives on Civil War Medicine (Edinborough Press, 2009) in the current (July 2010) issue of America's Civil War magazine! The magazine is now on newsstands and in subscribers' hands!

Excerpts:

"Yet despite the vast array of book son our nation's epic conflict, only a few thoroughly examine its medical aspects. Years of Change and Suffering helps fill that void.

"James Schmidt and Guy Hasegawa have pulled together a notable assortment of essays examining Civil War medicine and healing on both sides of the Mason-Dixon Line..."


"...Years of Change and Suffering is an intrepid book that makes medical topics both interesting and readable for all audiences."

The review was written by Mr. Jason Emerson, who also reviewed my first book, Lincoln's Labels: America's Best Known Brands and the Civil War in the October 2009 issue of Civil War Times magazine. Thanks, Jason!

Remember - ALL ROYALTIES FROM Years of Change and Suffering ARE BEING DONATED TO CIVIL WAR MEDICAL HERITAGE PRESERVATION!

Read more reviews of Years and Change and Suffering here:Italic
*Featured on "Civil War Talk Radio"
*Review by Drew Wagenhoffer at "Civil War Books and Authors"
*Review by James Durney at "TOCWOC"
*Review by Robert Redd at "Confederate Book Review"
*Reviews
(here and here) by Rea Andrew Redd at "Civil War Librarian"
*Advance Praise

The hardcover and softcover are still available!

Monday, May 3, 2010

Richard McCormick at "My Civil War Obsession" Reviews "Lincoln's Labels"!

Richard McCormick was kind enough to review my book, Lincoln's Labels: America's Best Known Brands and the Civil War (Edinborough Press) at his "My Civil War Obsession" blog.

The full review is here and excerpts are below. Please make sure to check out Richard's terrific blog: he is a volunteer at the James A. Ramage Civil War Museum in Fort Wright, KY, and a good many of his posts have to do with the museum and the Civil War in northern Kentucky (great recent examples here, here, and here!)

Excerpts:

"One cliche in Civil War writing is that with so much written about the war, how can anybody find something new to write about? Well, as [Jim] Schmidt...shows, a hard-working researcher can find new information and perspectives about the Civil War even almost 150 years after it began."

"...the book is simply informative and enjoyable. It is well-written, very readable and understandable. It is not a chore to get through this book - in fact it is a very quick read, both because of the style of writing and due to how enjoyable the subject becomes thanks to the author...the author's ability to tie the history of these companies to the Civil War certainly caught my interest and attention."

(Even Richard's "complaints" are compliments...see below!)

"One small complaint I found with the book was that it's too short, with only 164 pages over seven chapters. Of course, this is as much a compliment as a complaint, as I simply wished to read more stories of other similar companies and their survival stories. I did not want it to end, which is one of the best compliments I can pay any book."

"...there was one other small, perhaps barely relevant, thing I did not particularly like about the book - the sad ending of the final chapter. It is appropriate and powerful, a very fascinating piece to include in that chapter about express companies, but it did make me a bit sad to have such an enjoyable book end on such a note. Still, it's hard to consider this to be much of a complaint."

and...the bottom line(!):

"All-in-all, Lincoln's Labels is a well-written, deeply-researched book that is very enjoyable, informative and readable...It is certainly a book that Civil War students or historians will want to find a place for on their shelves."

Thanks, Richard, for the kind words!